Benzodiazepine Addiction: Effects and Treatment

In the United States, benzodiazepines (benzos) are one of the most commonly prescribed medications. In 2017, over 120 million benzodiazepine prescriptions were filled in the US. Benzos are sedative-hypnotic drugs often used to treat anxiety disorder, panic disorder, muscle spasms, certain seizure disorders, and sleep disorders in rare situations. Unfortunately, benzodiazepine abuse is also a major issue in the country.

Tolerance and physiological dependency on benzodiazepines may develop with chronic usage. As a result, users may feel compelled to take more benzos to get the desired effect and then continue taking them to prevent withdrawal symptoms. Although these are not only contributing factors, both of these phenomena can contribute to long-term, compulsive usage or benzodiazepine addiction.

 

Treatment Services

It is recommended that anybody suffering from benzodiazepine addiction get professional help. However, this might be difficult since individuals are unsure of what to look for. Not every treatment center is the same, and treatment programs might differ from one to the next. To guarantee an effective treatment program, the chosen rehab facility should provide a comprehensive continuum of care and provide patients with a wide selection of treatment options. 

Finding a medical detox center is the safest approach to continue the treatment process because benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms can be severe. Trying an at-home or rapid detox method may result in relapse due to cravings during detox and in the weeks following.

Among these treatment services include:

Symptoms of Benzodiazepine Addiction

In the early stages of usage, benzos can be quite useful, particularly in treating symptoms of insomnia. When benzodiazepines are taken for longer periods of time or at higher doses, they can become very addictive.

Before addiction takes hold, a person will develop tolerance to benzos. This implies they begin taking a higher dose than was initially prescribed in order to achieve the same benefit with a lower dose.

Tolerance can progress to dependency when a person begins to rely on benzodiazepine because they experience physical and psychological disturbances without it.

Following are some of the common physical, psychological, and behavioral symptoms of benzodiazepine addiction:

  • Engaging in risk-taking behaviors, such as driving after abusing benzodiazepines
  • Mixing benzodiazepines with other addictive drugs, such as alcohol
  • Doctor shopping
  • Mood swings
  • Weakness
  • Asking family members, friends, or co-workers for their benzodiazepine pills
  • Wanting to quit using but not being able to do so
  • Poor judgment
  • Blurry vision
  • Seizures
  • Drowsiness

 

When to Seek Treatment…

Approximately 8.6 percent of the American population needs treatment for drug or alcohol abuse. However, only a small number of these people actually receive treatment. Whether it’s due to shame, the assumption that their substance use isn’t “that bad,” or any other reason, many people put off seeking professional treatment until their addiction has significantly impacted their lives.

Consider the following signs if you are in a place where you think you may need treatment but are unsure. This list may motivate you to see a counselor sooner rather than later.

  • Causing harm to yourself and others as a result of substance use
  • Unable to quit on your own
  • Your addiction is the core of serious consequences (e,g. poor performance at work/school, relationship issues, financial issues, dodging responsibilities, etc.)
  • Life revolves around addiction

Bravely recognizing an addiction problem is challenging but can help you achieve freedom with the right tools and treatment. To begin your recovery journey today, contact The Haven Detox at (561) 328-8627.

 

 

Causes of Benzodiazepine Addiction

Although benzodiazepines provide important medical benefits, misuse is rising—and these drugs can be as addictive as opioids or marijuana. By increasing dopamine in the brain, they create a rewarding “good mood” that, over time, drives both physical and psychological dependence. High doses accelerate tolerance and the need for larger amounts to achieve the same effects. Many people who misuse benzodiazepines obtain them through their own prescriptions or someone else’s, often alongside other substances (most commonly opioids or alcohol) to manage withdrawal or amplify euphoria.

Common Contributing Factors

Genetics & Family History

Individuals inherit not only genes but also brain-chemistry responses. If close relatives have struggled with benzodiazepine misuse, one’s own risk of addiction increases.

Environmental Cues
Growing up around substance use normalizes drug taking and raises experimentation risk. Key environmental triggers include:

  • Stressful life events
  • Lack of social support
  • Low socioeconomic status
  • Troubled family or romantic relationships
  • Peer drug use

Psychological Cues
Trauma, abuse, neglect, or ongoing domestic violence can create chronic anxiety and distress. Benzodiazepines may initially alleviate these feelings, but over time this coping strategy can evolve into full-blown addiction.

Risk Factors
Anyone can develop a benzodiazepine addiction, but certain circumstances heighten vulnerability:

Lack of Supervision
Teens with minimal parental monitoring or high family conflict often turn to benzos as a form of escape. Inconsistent discipline or unrealistic expectations further increase risk.

Peer Pressure
Adolescents seeking acceptance may sample benzodiazepines to fit in. Those who struggle academically or socially are especially prone to experimentation and subsequent misuse.

Mental Health Disorders
Using benzodiazepines to self-medicate symptoms of anxiety, depression, or loneliness can deepen underlying issues and accelerate dependency.

 

Effects of Benzodiazepine Addiction

Benzodiazepine misuse slows the central nervous system, producing both immediate and long-term harms:

Short-Term Effects

  • Dizziness, fatigue, headaches
  • Blurred vision, slurred speech
  • Impaired reaction time and coordination
  • Confusion, memory problems
  • Mood swings: irritability, paranoia, restlessness

Long-Term Effects

  • Persistent cognitive impairment
  • Heightened anxiety and depression
  • Insomnia and disrupted sleep patterns
  • Loss of interest in hobbies or socializing

Effects on Relationships

Dependence shifts priorities toward drug-seeking, eroding trust and communication. Partners and family members often feel betrayed or overwhelmed by the addict’s behavior.

Effects on Employment

  • Decreased productivity and increased absenteeism
  • Higher risk of workplace accidents and injuries
  • Missed deadlines and appointments
  • Difficulty concentrating or remembering instructions
  • Sudden changes in personal hygiene or mood

Effects on Health
Chronic benzo use can lead to serious physical and mental health issues, including cognitive decline and aggravation of underlying anxiety or depressive disorders.

Effects on Safety

  • Impaired judgment and lowered inhibitions may result in:
  • Risky behaviors or legal problems
  • Increased likelihood of car accidents
  • Elevated suicide risk
  • Potential involvement in violent incidents

By recognizing these causes, risk factors, and effects, clinicians, loved ones, and individuals themselves can better target prevention efforts, early interventions, and comprehensive treatment plans.

 

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

How long should you be on benzo?

Benzodiazepines should be provided for the shortest amount of time feasible. Regular use of benzodiazepines for a few weeks or longer can develop into addiction. Doctors advise just taking these for 2-4 weeks. Intermittent usage may aid in the prevention of addiction.

Benzodiazepines operate by increasing the levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, which acts as a natural tranquilizer, relaxing neuron firings associated with tension and stress reactions.

Xanax is the most powerful benzodiazepine for treating anxiety. Alprazolam is one of the strongest short-acting benzodiazepines and is frequently recommended by doctors because its half-life is less than 26 hours.

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